北大经院工作坊第326场
医院院长的性别收入差异：2017年美国医院协会调查数据
劳动-健康经济学工作坊
主讲人：
陈茁（美国佐治亚大学卫生政策与管理系副教授）
主持老师：
（北大经院）石菊
（北大国发院）雷晓燕
参与老师：
（北大经院）秦雪征、王耀璟、袁野
（北大国发院）赵耀辉、李玲、刘国恩、张丹丹
时间：
2021年9月29日（周三） 10：00-11：30
形式：
Zoom线上平台（若有意参会，请发送姓名、学院至manqihou@pku.edu.cn 以获取会议链接，仅限北大师生）
主讲人简介：
陈茁，现任美佐治亚大学卫生政策与管理系副教授、公共卫生博士项目主任及宁波诺丁汉大学健康经济学客座教授兼健康经济研究中心学术主任。中国科学技术大学管理学学士及硕士，衣阿华州立大学统计学硕士和经济学博士。主要研究领域为健康经济学，应用计量经济学，卫生管理，健康的社会决定因素，健康不均等的分析，及政策和项目评估。在Lancet, Journal of Health Economics, Health Economics, Social Science & Medicine, Genetics in Medicine, JAMA Network Open等国际期刊上发表八十余篇学术论文，h值为24。曾获美国国立卫生院，佐治亚健康基金会，留美经济学会及美国中华医学基金会资助。曾任芝加哥大学卫生促进研究中心博士后学者，留美经济学会理事（2007-2008，2012-2013）及会长（2017-2018），美国疾控中心卫生经济研究组指导委员会委员（2008-2009），美国疾控中心卫生亚太裔雇员协会会长,及中国卫生政策和管理学会创始秘书长（2014-2016）和会长（2016-2018）。获得美国疾控中心2013年度最佳行为和社会科学论文奖，2016年获得美联邦亚太裔雇员协会多元化优异奖。
摘要：
Although equal pay has received increasing attention over decades, pay equity among leadership and management positions often receives less attention. This study hypothesizes that women who are promoted to senior positions continue to experience a gender pay gap after the implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act in 2010.
We examine a sample of hospital executives using data from the 2017 Internal Revenue Service 990 forms merged with the 2017 wave of the American Hospital Association survey. Available variables include hospital chief executive officers’ (CEOs) compensation and hospital characteristics. CEOs’ gender was identified by matching their first name with a database from the Social Security Administration. We conducted both ordinary least squares (OLS) and unconditional quantile regression (UQR) analysis. We used an Oaxaca decomposition analysis to explain the gender pay gap.
On average, the compensation for women CEO was 29.1% less than men based on a median regression while the OLS regression indicated a gender pay gap of 32.6% (p<0.01). Our UQR result revealed a U-shaped relationship across the salary distribution. We conclude that the gender pay gap between hospital CEOs persists and has widened. We need to continue to monitor and strive for pay equity in the healthcare industry.
北大经院工作坊第327场
具有不完全信息和凸努力成本的最优竞赛
微观理论经济学工作坊
主讲人：
张梦兮（波恩大学助理教授）
主持老师：
（北大经院）吴泽南、石凡奇
（北大国发院）胡岠
参与老师：
（北大经院）胡涛、吴泽南、石凡奇
（北大国发院）汪浩、胡岠
作者：
张梦兮
时间：
2021年9月29日（周三）10:30-12:00
地点：
经济学院107会议室
主讲人简介：
Mengxi Zhang is an Assistant Professor at Department of Economics, University of Bonn. She is also a member of Hausdorff Center for Mathematics, University of Bonn. She received her PhD in Economics from Boston University. Her primary research interests are in the areas of Applied Microeconomic Theory and Mechanism Design.
摘要：
I investigate the optimal design of contests when contestants have both private information and convex effort costs. The designer has a fixed prize budget and her objective is to maximize the expected total effort. I first demonstrate that it is always optimal for the designer to employ a grand static contest with as many participants as possible. Further, I identify a sufficient and necessary condition for the winner-takes-all prize structure to be optimal. When this condition fails, the designer may prefer to award multiple prizes of descending sizes. I also provide a characterization of the optimal prize allocation rule for this case. Lastly, I illustrate how the optimal prize distribution evolves as contest size grows: the prize distribution first becomes more unequal until the optimal level of competition intensity is obtained and then becomes less unequal to maintain the optimal intensity.
北大经院工作坊第328场
Place-Based College Admission, Migration and the Spatial Distribution of Human Capital: Evidence from China
发展与公共财政工作坊
主讲人：
杨宇（北京大学光华管理学院助理教授）
主持老师：
（北大经院）刘冲
参与老师：
（北大国发院）李力行、席天扬
时间：
2021年9月29日（周三） 14：00-15：30
地点：
国家发展研究院承泽园246教室
主讲人简介：
杨宇，北京大学光华管理学院应用经济学系助理教授，2021年于美国威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校获得经济学博士学位。研究领域为公共经济学和劳动经济学，目前关注的研究话题包括教育政策、人口流动、老龄化、生育率、婚姻匹配等。研究成果发表于Journal of Development Economics、Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization等国际知名学术期刊。
摘要：
How to allocate college seats across regions is an important but often controversial question. It may imply a policy tradeoff between efficiency in human capital production and equality of opportunities for people growing up in different places. Regional disparity in college access also impacts the spatial distribution of college-educated workers and thus affects regional inequality in development. This paper studies the province-based college admission quotas in China and evaluates potential reforms. Despite longstanding concerns about the unequal quota allocation across provinces, little is known because China's college entrance exam is not comparable across provinces. Combining individual-level administrative data and college student surveys, I estimate a structural model of college and migration choice under quota constraints, together with a measurement model that can recover the nationally comparable distribution of pre-college human capital in each province. I find substantial gaps of pre-college human capital among college applicants across provinces, but these gaps are not well reflected by the admission quotas. A purely merit-based nationwide admission without provincial quotas increases efficiency at the cost of larger regional inequality: it increases college-student sorting and total human capital output during college, but decreases the college opportunity in less developed provinces and the share of college graduates working in those provinces.
北大经院工作坊第329场
碳达峰碳中和路径及其综合影响研究
生态、环境与气候经济学工作坊
主讲人：
戴瀚程（北京大学环境科学与工程学院研究员）
主持老师：
（北大经院）季曦
参与老师：
（北大经院）章政、张博、李虹、张鹏飞、刘政文、梁远宁
（北大国发院）徐晋涛、王敏、邢剑炜、易媛媛
（北大现代农学院）刘承芳、侯玲玲、解伟、王悦
时间：
2021年9月29日（周三）12：00-14：00
地点：
经济学院107会议室
主讲人简介：
戴瀚程，北京大学环境科学与工程学院研究员，环境管理系主任，兼任北京大学全球健康发展研究院及区域与国别研究院研究员，北京大学博雅青年学者，博士生导师。研究方向基于能源—环境—经济系统综合评估模型（IMED），研究经济绿色低碳转型路径和成本效益，助力我国及全球实现碳达峰碳中和目标及可持续发展目标。UNEP《GEO6：城市》特别报告主笔作者，IPCC AR6贡献作者。主持过NSFC青年项目、面上项目、科技部国家重点研发项目课题。发表70余篇SCI论文，WoS总被引用3000余次，H指数29，ESI前1%高被引论文9篇。入选由斯坦福大学和Mendeley Data发布的2020年度“年度科学影响力”全球前2%高被引科学家名单。担任中国系统工程学会生态环境系统工程专业委员会常务委员、中国可持续发展研究会气候变化专业委员会委员。
摘要：
在碳达峰碳中和双重目标背景下，需要统筹好“发展”与“减排”的要求，加强能源、环境、经济的协同治理并实现多方共赢。然而，探索未来发展路径具有高度的不确定性，协同实现环境与发展的多重目标也错综复杂。在面向未来的科学决策过程中，基于情景模拟和定量分析的系统分析模型可作为有力的支撑工具。由北京大学环境科学与工程学院能源环境经济与政策研究室(LEEEP)自主开发的IMED模型是一套适用于中国、区域和全球绿色低碳转型研究的模型体系。本报告旨在介绍运用IMED模型在不同的时间和空间尺度上评估环境和碳减排政策在环境和人群健康改善方面所带来的综合影响，并评估其成本效益，从而为双碳政策制定提供科学支撑。
