北大经院工作坊第712场
Emigration, Fiscal Spillovers, and Public Education Spending on Rural Schools in China
发展与公共财政工作坊
主讲人：张磊（上海交通大学安泰经济与管理学院经济系教授）
主持老师：
（北大经院）刘冲、袁诚、吴群锋、曹光宇
（北大国发院）李力行、席天扬、徐化愚、于航、王轩、易君健
时间：2023年10月9日（周一）11:30-13:00
地点：北京大学国家发展研究院承泽园246教室
主讲人简介：
张磊，上海交通大学安泰经济与管理学院经济系教授、博士生导师。于北京大学获得经济学学士和硕士学位，美国斯坦福大学（Stanford University）获得经济学博士学位。主要研究兴趣包括公共经济学、教育经济学。学术论文发表在Economic Journal, Journal of Human Resources, Journal of Development Economics, Journal of Law and Economics, Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, Journal of Human Capital, China Economic Review, 和《经济研究》, 《经济系季刊》等国内外一流学术期刊上。获得教育部第8届高等学校科学研究优秀成果奖（2019）。
摘要：
This paper investigates how emigration of rural laborers affects public spending on rural schools in the origin regions in China. We organize the empirical analyses within a theoretical model of local government decision-making on education spending. The model captures two types of externalities of local public education spending: traditional externality due to the emigration of skilled laborers and fiscal externality due to left-behind children of emigrants who receive free basic education without their parents contributing to the local tax revenue. The model predicts that per student spending on public schools in the origin regions decreases with emigration rate, and the negative relationship is stronger when more children are left behind. Combining data from the Population Censuses and City Statistics Yearbooks, we confirm these hypotheses using both an OLS estimator and an IV estimator with a Bartik-type instrumental variable. The estimation results are robust to alternative measures of emigration rate and education spending and to different sample restrictions. We rule out alternative hypotheses that may also be consistent with the empirical findings.
北大经院工作坊第713场
Monitoring Harassment in Organizations
经院-全健院
“健康与劳动经济学”工作坊
主讲人：Rachel Heath（University of Washington）
主持老师：（北大经院）庄晨
参与老师：
（北大全健院）刘国恩、吕蓓妮、潘聿航、林昊翔、孙宇、杨佳楠
（北大经院）秦雪征、石菊、姚奕、王耀璟、袁野、梁远宁
时间：2023年10月11日（周三）10：00-11：30
形式：ZOOM会议
会议号：946 8397 5940
主讲人简介：
Dr. Rachel Heath is an associate professor in the Department of Economics at University of Washington. She obtained her Ph.D. degree in Economics from Yale University. Her research interests are in development and labor economics. In particular, much of her research focuses on increased labor market opportunities for women in developing countries (such as the garment industry in Bangladesh). She studies how these new job opportunities are changing women’s lives, the factors that influence women’s decisions to join the labor force, and how firms make hiring decisions. Her research has been published in Journal of Political Economy, AEA Papers and Proceedings, Journal of the European Economic Association, Journal of Development Economics, among others.
摘要：
We evaluate secure survey methods designed for the ongoing monitoring of harassment in organizations. We use the resulting data to answer policy relevant questions about the nature of harassment: How prevalent is it? What share of managers is responsible for the misbehavior? How isolated are its victims? To do so, we partner with a large Bangladeshi garment manufacturer to experiment with different designs of phone-based worker surveys. Garbling responses to sensitive questions by automatically recording a random subset as complaints increases reporting of physical harassment by 288%, sexual harassment by 269%, and threatening behavior by 46%, from reporting rates of 1.5%, 1.8%, and 9.9%, respectively, under the status quo of direct elicitation. A rapport-building treatment has an insignificant aggregate effect, but may affect men and women differently. Removing team identifiers from survey responses does not significantly increase reporting and prevents the computation of policy-relevant team-level statistics. The resulting data shows that harassment is widespread, that the problem is not restricted to a minority of managers, and that victims are often isolated in teams.
供稿：科研与博士后办公室
美编：初夏、小乔
责编：度量、雨禾、雨田
